• An ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 Certified Company

ASTM A213 tube

What is ASTM A213 tubing?

ASTM A213 covers low alloy piping and they are available in different thickness ranging from 0.015 to 0.5”. The ASTM A213 Tube is made of ferritic and austenitic alloy and are primarily used in boilers for heat exchangers and superheaters. The A213 Tubing solutions are available in different grades, and each has its specific features.

The material comes with a minimum hardness of 275 HV in its hardened condition. This is defined after austenitizing and cooling the material to room temperature but before the tempering process. The A213 Seamless Tube shows high resistance to corrosion and can withstand pressure better the welded tubes of the same material.

SA 213 stainless steel seamless tubing supplier in India

ASTM A213 tube manufacturer in India

ASTM A213 standard vs ASME SA213 specification

ASTM and ASME are similar standards that are designated for different purposes for a given specification. ASME SA213 is an adoption of the ASTM A213 Tubing standard and is within the boiler and pressure vessel code. They come with code, standards and specifications, enforced by law or a given contract.

The standard of the ASTM A213 Stainless Steel Tube defines the “how to” instructions of the given material and it is accepted globally and is written by a government body or a public organization. The ASTM A213 standard includes some technical definitions and guidelines for the overall manufacturing process. However, the ASTM A213 Pipe specification includes requirements that must be met by contract and they go beyond the code and standard.

Contact directly ASTM A213 stainless steel tube manufacturer for custom sizes and factory prices in the Gujarat

ASTM A213 tubing

ASTM A213 tubing

A213 stainless steel tubing

A213 stainless steel tubing

A213 seamless tube

A213 seamless tube

ASTM A213 heat-exchanger tubes dimensions depends upon on which parameters?

The key parameters which determine the dimension of A213 Stainless Steel Tubing are the OD, wall thickness, length, tolerance specification and bend radius of the tube. It also depends on the material specification along with the application and designing considerations.

High quality range of SA 213 stainless steel welded tube and A213 seamless tube available at low cost

ASTM A213 pipe specification

Standard Grades OD
ASTM A213 / ASME SA213 T11, T9, T22, T92, T91, TP304/L, TP317/L, TP316/L, TP321/H 1/8 to 16” / 3.2 to 406mm
WT Shapes Length
0.015 inch to 0.500 inch, 0.4 to 12.7mm
  • Hydraulic
  • Round
  • Rectangular
  • Honed Tubes
  • Square
  • Straight
  • U Shape
  • Coiled
  • Pan Cake Coils
10ft, 40ft, 20ft, or customized length
Technique value added services ASTM A213 Hardness
Extrusion, Cold drawn, Cold rolled, Hot rolled Tube
  • Abrasive Sawing
  • Waterjet Cutting
  • Lathe Cutting
  • Precision Aluminum Plate Sawing
  • Band Saw Cutting
  • Sheet Shearing
  • Laser Cutting
  • Additional Services
275 HV
Exporter of SA 213 boiler tubes and ASTM A213 heat-exchanger tubes with Ultrasonic NDT Testing

Types of ASTM A213 steel tubes

A213 SS tubing

A213 SS tubing

ASTM A213 stainless steel tube

ASTM A213 stainless steel tube

ASTM A213 material

ASTM A213 material

ASTM A213 steel tubes

ASTM A213 steel tubes

ASTM A213 pipe

ASTM A213 pipe

SA 213 tubing

SA 213 tubing

ASTM A213 grade boiler tubes

ASTM A213 grade boiler tubes

SA 213 grade superheater tube

SA 213 grade superheater tube

SA 213 stainless steel welded tube

SA 213 stainless steel welded tube

ASTM A213 tube sizes

Size Outer Dia, Inches Wall Dec-Inches BW Ga. Weight Lbs/Feet Inner Dia
1/8 0.028 22 0.0290 0.069
0.035 20 0.0336 0.055
3/16 0.028 22 0.0478 0.131
1/4 0.020 25 0.0491 0.210
0.028 22 0.0664 0.194
0.032 21 0.0745 0.187
0.035 20 0.0804 0.180
0.049 18 0.1052 0.152
0.065 16 0.1284 0.120
5/16 0.035 20 0.1039 0.242
0.049 18 0.1382 0.214
0.065 16 0.1722 0.182
3/8 0.028 22 0.1038 0.319
0.035 20 0.1271 0.305
0.049 18 0.1706 0.277
0.065 16 0.2152 0.245
7/16 0.049 18 0.2036 0.340
1/2 0.020 25 0.1025 0.460
0.035 20 0.1738 0.430
0.049 18 0.2360 0.402
0.065 16 0.3020 0.370
5/8 0.035 20 0.2205 0.555
0.049 18 0.3014 0.527
0.065 16 0.3888 0.495
3/4 0.035 20 0.2673 0.680
0.049 18 0.3668 0.652
0.065 16 0.4755 0.620
0.083 14 0.5913 0.584
7/8 0.049 18 0.4323 0.777
0.065 16 0.5623 0.745
0.120 11 0.9676 0.635
1 0.035 20 0.3607 0.930
0.049 18 0.4977 0.902
0.065 16 0.6491 0.870
0.083 14 0.8129 0.834
0.120 11 1.1278 0.760
1-1/4 0.120 11 1.4480 1.010
Premium quality A213 stainless steel tubing and ASTM A213 tubing suitable for petrochemicals industries

Chemical composition of SA 213 tubing

Grades Mn C P Si S Cr Ni NB Mo Nb Ti
TP304 2.00 0.08 0.045 0.75 0.030 18.0-20.0 8.0-11.0
TP304H 0.04-0.10 0.040 0.75 0.030 18.0-20.0 8.0-11.0
TP304L 0.035 0.040 0.75 0.030 18.0-20.0 8.0-13.0
TP310S 0.08 0.045 0.75 0.030 24.0-26.0 19.0-22.0 0.75
TP310HCbN 0.04-0.10 0.030 0.75 0.030 24.0-26.0 17.0-23.0 0.15-0.35 0.20-0.60
TP316 0.08 0.040 0.75 0.030 16.0-18.0 11.0-14.0 2.00-3.00
TP316L 0.035 0.040 1.00 0.030 16.0-18.0 10.0-15.0 2.00-3.00
TP316H 0.04-0.10 0.040 0.75 0.030 16.0-18.0 11.0-14.0 2.00-3.00
TP321 0.08 0.040 0.75 0.030 17.0-20.0 9.0-13.0 5C-0.60
TP321H 0.04-0.10 0.040 0.75 0.030 17.0-20.0 9.0-13.0 4C-0.60
TP347 0.08 0.040 0.75 0.030 17.0-19.0 9.0-13.0 10xC-1.00
TP347H 0.04-0.10 0.040 0.75 0.030 17.0-20.0 9.0-13.0 8xC-1.00

ASTM A213 tubing pressure rating

Outer Dia in inches Wall Thk in inches Theoretical Yield Point ** (PSI) Tensile Strength (PSI) Working Pressure (PSI) 25% of Burst Theoretical Burst Pressure * (PSI) Yield Strength (PSI) Collapse Pressure (PSI)
0.250 0.020 5,714 75,000 3,571 14,286 30,000 4,416
0.250 0.028 8,660 5,412 21,649 5,967
0.250 0.035 11,667 7,292 29,167 7,224
0.250 0.049 19,342 12,089 48,355 9,455
0.250 0.065 32,500 20,313 81,250 11,544
0.375 0.020 3,582 2,239 8,955 3,029
0.375 0.028 5,266 3,292 13,166 4,145
0.375 0.035 6,885 4,303 17,213 5,077
0.375 0.049 10,614 6,634 26,534 6,816
0.375 0.065 15,918 9,949 39,796 8,597
0.500 0.020 2,609 1,630 6,522 2,316L
0.500 0.028 3,784 2,365 9,459 3,172
0.500 0.035 4,884 3,052 12,209 3,906
0.500 0.049 7,313 4,571 18,284 5,316L
0.500 0.065 10,541 6,588 26,351 6,786
0.500 0.083 14,910 9,319 37,275 8,307
0.625 0.020 2,051 1,282 5,128 1,859
0.625 0.028 2,953 1,845 7,381 2,568
0.625 0.035 3,784 2,365 9,459 3,172
0.625 0.049 5,579 3,487 13,947 4,335
0.625 0.065 7,879 4,924 19,697 5,591
0.625 0.083 10,850 6,781 27,124 6,910
0.625 0.095 13,103 8,190 32,759 7,734
0.625 0.109 16,069 10,043 40,172 8,639
0.750 0.028 2,421 1,513 6,052 2,156
0.750 0.035 3,088 1,930 7,721 2,669
0.750 0.049 4,509 2,818 11,273 3,664
0.750 0.065 6,290 3,931 15,726 4,749
0.750 0.083 8,527 5,330 21,318 5,905
0.750 0.095 10,179 6,362 25,446 6,637
0.750 0.109 12,293 7,683 30,733 7,453
0.750 0.120 14,118 8,824 35,294 8,064
0.875 0.020 1,437 898 3,593 1,340
0.875 0.028 2,051 1,282 5,128 1,859
0.875 0.035 2,609 1,630 6,522 2,316L
0.875 0.049 3,784 2,365 9,459 3,172
0.875 0.065 5,235 3,272 13,087 4,126
0.875 0.083 7,024 4,390 17,560 5,152
0.875 0.095 8,321 5,201 20,803 5,807
0.875 0.109 9,954 6,221 24,886 6,543
0.875 0.120 11,339 7,087 28,346 7,100
1.000 0.028 1,780 1,112 4,449 1,633
1.000 0.035 2,258 1,411 5,645 2,027
1.000 0.049 3,259 2,037 8,149 2,796
1.000 0.065 4,483 2,802 11,207 3,647
1.000 0.083 5,971 3,732 14,928 4,567
1.000 0.095 7,037 4,398 17,593 5,159
1.000 0.109 8,363 5,227 20,908 5,827
1.000 0.120 9,474 5,921 23,684 6,336
1.000 0.134 10,984 6,865 27,459 6,963
1.250 0.035 1,780 1,112 4,449 1,633
1.250 0.049 2,552 1,595 6,380 2,260
1.250 0.065 3,482 2,176 8,705 2,958
1.250 0.083 4,594 2,871 11,485 3,719
1.250 0.095 5,377 3,361 13,443 4,213
1.250 0.109 6,337 3,961 15,843 4,776
1.250 0.120 7,129 4,455 17,822 5,207
1.250 0.134 8,187 5,117 20,468 5,742
1.500 0.035 1,469 918 3,671 1,367
1.500 0.049 2,097 1,311 5,243 1,896
1.500 0.065 2,847 1,779 7,117 2,487
1.500 0.083 3,733 2,333 9,333 3,136
1.500 0.095 4,351 2,719 10,878 3,559
1.500 0.109 5,101 3,188 12,754 4,043
1.500 0.120 5,714 3,571 14,286 4,416
1.500 0.134 6,526 4,079 16,315 4,881
1.500 0.148 7,375 4,610 18,439 5,336
1.750 0.035 1,250 781 3,125 1,176
1.750 0.049 1,546 966 3,864 1,434
1.750 0.065 2,407 1,505 6,019 2,146
1.750 0.083 3,144 1,965 7,860 2,711
1.750 0.095 3,654 2,284 9,135 3,080
1.750 0.109 4,269 2,668 10,672 3,504
1.750 0.120 4,768 2,980 11,921 3,832
1.750 0.134 5,425 3,391 13,563 4,242
1.750 0.148 6,107 3,817 15,268 4,645
1.750 0.165 6,972 4,357 17,430 5,124
2.000 0.035 1,088 680 2,720 1,032
2.000 0.049 1,546 966 3,864 1,434
2.000 0.065 2,086 1,303 5,214 1,887
2.000 0.083 2,715 1,697 6,788 2,387
2.000 0.095 3,149 1,968 7,873 2,715
2.000 0.109 3,670 2,294 9,175 3,092
2.000 0.120 4,091 2,557 10,227 3,384
2.000 0.134 4,642 2,901 11,605 3,751
2.000 0.148 5,211 3,257 13,028 4,111
2.000 0.165 5,928 3,705 14,820 4,542

ASTM A213 stainless steel tube mechanical properties

Grades Heat Treatment ASTM grain size NO. Temperure F (C) Minimum. Tensile Strength Ksi (MPa), Minimum. Elongation %, Minimum Yield Strength Ksi (MPa), Minimum. Hardness
Brinell Rockwell
TP304 Solution 1900 (1040) 75(515) 35 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP304L 1900 (1040) 70(485) 25(170) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP304H 7 1900 (1040) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP310S 1900 (1040) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP310HCbN 7 2000 (1110) 95(655) 43(295) 256HBW 100HRB
TP316 1900 (1040) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP316L 1900 (1040) 70(485) 25(170) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP316H 7 1900 (1040) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP321 7 1900 (1040) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP321H 7 2000(1100) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP347 1900(1040) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB
TP347H 7 2000(1100) 75(515) 30(205) 192HBW/200HV 90HRB

SA 213 stainless steel welded tube tolerance

Outside Dia, milimeter Outside Dia Tolerance
25.4 – <= 38.1 +/- 0.15
> 38.1 -< 50.8 +/- 0.20
< 25.4 +/- 0.10
76.2 – <= 101.6 +/- 0.38
> 101.6 – <= 190.5 +0.38/-0.64
50.8 -< 63.5 +/- 0.25
63.5 -< 76.2 +/- 0.30
> 190.5 – <= 228.6 +0.38/-1.14

ASTM A213 tubing dimensions

Outer Dia in Inches Tube Gauge
00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Tube Wall Thickness (in)
.380 .340 .300 .284 .259 .238 .220 .203 .180 .165 .148 .134 .120 .109 .095 .083 .072 .065 .058 .049 .042 .035 .032 .028 .025 .022
Tube Inner Dia
2 1/4 1.490 1.570 1.650 1.682 1.732 1.774 1.810 1.844 1.890 1.920 1.954 1.982 2.010 2.032 2.060 2.084 2.106 2.120 2.134 2.152 2.166 2.180 2.186 2.194 2.200 2.206
2 1/2 1.740 1.820 1.900 1.932 1.982 2.024 2.060 2.094 2.140 2.170 2.204 2.232 2.260 2.282 2.310 2.334 2.356 2.370 2.384 2.402 2.416 2.430 2.436 2.444 2.450 2.456
2 3/4 1.990 2.070 2.150 2.182 2.232 2.274 2.310 2.344 2.390 2.420 2.454 2.482 2.510 2.532 2.560 2.584 2.606 2.620 2.634 2.652 2.666 2.680 2.686 2.694 2.700 2.706
3 2.240 2.320 2.400 2.432 2.482 2.524 2.560 2.594 2.640 2.670 2.704 2.732 2.760 2.782 2.810 2.834 2.856 2.870 2.884 2.902 2.916 2.930 2.936 2.944 2.950 2.956
3 1/4 2.490 2.570 2.650 2.682 2.732 2.774 2.810 2.844 2.890 2.920 2.954 2.982 3.010 3.032 3.060 3.084 3.106 3.120 3.134 3.152 3.166 3.180 3.186 3.194 3.200 3.206
3 1/2 2.740 2.820 2.900 2.932 2.982 3.024 3.060 3.094 3.140 3.170 3.204 3.232 3.260 3.282 3.310 3.334 3.356 3.370 3.384 3.402 3.416 3.430 3.436 3.444 3.450 3.456
3 3/4 2.990 3.070 3.150 3.182 3.232 3.274 3.310 3.344 3.390 3.420 3.454 3.482 3.510 3.532 3.560 3.584 3.606 3.620 3.634 3.652 3.666 3.680 3.686 3.694 3.700 3.706
1/4 .010 .032 .060 .084 .106 .120 .134 .152 .166 .180 .186 .194 .200 .206
3/8 .015 .045 .079 .107 .135 .157 .185 .209 .231 .245 .259 .277 .291 .305 .311 .319 .325 .331
1/2 .024 .060 .094 .140 .170 .204 .232 .260 .282 .310 .334 .356 .370 .384 .402 .416 .430 .436 .444 .450 .456
5/8 .025 .057 .107 .149 .185 .219 .265 .295 .329 .357 .385 .407 .435 .459 .481 .495 .509 .527 .541 .555 .561 .569 .575 .581
3/4 .070 .150 .182 .232 .274 .310 .344 .390 .420 .454 .482 .510 .532 .560 .584 .606 .620 .634 .652 .666 .680 .686 .694 .700 .706
7/8 .115 .195 .275 .307 .357 .399 .435 .469 .515 .545 .579 .607 .635 .657 .685 .709 .731 .745 .759 .777 .791 .805 .811 .819 .825 .831
1 .240 .320 .400 .432 .482 .524 .560 .594 .640 .670 .704 .732 .760 .782 .810 .834 .856 .870 .884 .902 .916 .930 .936 .944 .950 .956
1 1/8 .365 .445 .525 .557 .607 .649 .685 .719 .765 .795 .829 .857 .885 .907 .935 .959 .981 .995 1.009 1.027 1.041 1.055 1.061 1.069 1.075 1.081
1 1/4 .490 .570 .650 .682 .732 .774 .810 .844 .890 .920 .954 .982 1.010 1.032 1.060 1.084 1.106 1.120 1.134 1.152 1.166 1.180 1.186 1.194 1.200 1.206
1 1/2 .740 .820 .900 .932 .982 1.024 1.060 1.094 1.140 1.170 1.204 1.232 1.260 1.282 1.310 1.334 1.356 1.370 1.384 1.402 1.416 1.430 1.436 1.444 1.450 1.456
1 3/4 .990 1.070 1.150 1.182 1.232 1.274 1.310 1.344 1.390 1.420 1.454 1.482 1.510 1.532 1.560 1.584 1.606 1.620 1.634 1.652 1.666 1.680 1.686 1.694 1.700 1.706
2 1.240 1.320 1.400 1.432 1.482 1.524 1.560 1.594 1.640 1.670 1.704 1.732 1.760 1.782 1.810 1.834 1.856 1.870 1.884 1.902 1.916 1.930 1.936 1.944 1.950 1.956
4 3.240 3.320 3.400 3.432 3.482 3.524 3.560 3.594 3.640 3.670 3.704 3.732 3.760 3.782 3.810 3.834 3.856 3.870 3.884 3.902 3.916 3.930 3.936 3.944 3.950 3.956
4 1/4 3.490 3.570 3.650 3.682 3.732 3.774 3.810 3.844 3.890 3.920 3.954 3.982 4.010 4.032 4.060 4.084 4.106 4.120 4.134 4.152 4.166 4.180 4.186 4.194 4.200 4.206
4 1/2 3.740 3.820 3.900 3.932 3.982 4.024 4.060 4.094 4.140 4.170 4.204 4.232 4.260 4.282 4.310 4.334 4.356 4.370 4.384 4.402 4.416 4.430 4.436 4.444 4.450 4.456
4 3/4 3.990 4.070 4.150 4.182 4.232 4.274 4.310 4.344 4.390 4.420 4.454 4.482 4.510 4.532 4.560 4.584 4.606 4.620 4.634 4.652 4.666 4.680 4.686 4.694 4.700 4.706
5 4.240 4.320 4.400 4.432 4.482 4.524 4.560 4.594 4.640 4.670 4.704 4.732 4.760 4.782 4.810 4.834 4.856 4.870 4.884 4.902 4.916 4.930 4.936 4.944 4.950 4.956
5 1/4 4.490 4.570 4.650 4.682 4.732 4.774 4.810 4.844 4.890 4.920 4.954 4.982 5.010 5.032 5.060 5.084 5.106 5.120 5.134 5.152 5.166 5.180 5.186 5.194 5.200 5.206

Wall thickness tolerance of A213 SS tubing

Outside Dia, mm Wall thk Tolerance
> 38.1 +22%/-0
<= 38.1 +20%/-0

ASTM A213 equivalent

SAE grade DIN standards UNS EN-standard
310 1.4841 S31000 X22CrNi2520
310S 1.4845 S31008 X 5 CrNi 2520
321 1.4541 S32100 X6CrNiTi18-10
321H 1.4878 S32109 X12CrNiTi18-9
316L 1.4404 S31603 X2CrNiMo17-12-2
316 1.4401 S31600 X5CrNiMo17-12-2
317 1.4406 S31653 X2CrNiMoN17-12-2
316L 1.4432 S31603 X2CrNiMo17-12-3
316L 1.4435 S31603 X2CrNiMo18-14-3
316 1.4436 S31600 X3CrNiMo17-13-3
316Ti 1.4571 S31635 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2
317 1.4429 S31653 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3
317L 1.4438 S31703 X2CrNiMo18-15-4
2304 1.4362 S32304 X2CrNi23-4
440A 1.4109 S44002 X65CrMo14
440B 1.4112 S44003 X90CrMoV18
440C 1.4125 S44004 X105CrMo17
440F S44020
430 1.4016 S43000 X6Cr17
316 1.4408 S31600 G-X 6 CrNiMo 18-10
409 1.4512 S40900 X6CrTi12
410 S41000
301 1.4310 S30100 X10CrNi18-8
301LN 1.4318 X2CrNiN18-7
304L 1.4307 S3043 X2CrNi18-9
304L 1.4306 S30403 X2CrNi19-11
304LN 1.4311 S30453 X2CrNiN18-10
304 1.4301 S30400 X5CrNi18-10
304H 1.4948 S30409 X6CrNi18-11
305 1.4303 S30500 X5CrNi18-12
312 X5CrNi30-9
2205 1.4462 S31803/S32205 X2CrNiMoN22-5-3
J405 1.4501 S32760 X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4
904L 1.4539 N08904 X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5
1.4529 N08926 X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7
254SMO 1.4547 S31254 X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7

SA 213 grade superheater tube application

  • Shipbuilding structures
  • Petrochemical refineries
  • Power generation plants
  • Aerospace components
  • Automotive exhaust systems
  • Chemical processing operations
  • Oil & gas pipelines
  • Offshore platforms

ASTM A213 tubing wall thickness

Outside Dia Outside Dia BWG BWG BWG BWG BWG BWG BWG BWG
10 22 25 20 16 14 18 12
WT Milimeter
3.40 0.71 0.508 0.89 1.65 2.11 1.24 2.77
Milimeter Inch Kilogram/Meter
19.05 3/4   0.327   0.405 0.729 0.895 0.553 1.236
25.4 1 2.05 0.44   0.546 0.981 1.234 0.75 1.574
31.75 1 1/4 2.641 0.554   0.688 1.244 1.574 0.947 2.014
38.1 1 1/2 3.233 0.667   0.832 1.514 1.904 1.144 2.454
6.35 1/4   0.109 0.081 0.133 0.212   0.174  
9.53 3/8   0.157 0.126 0.193 0.356 0.429 0.257  
12.7 1/2   0.214   0.263 0.457 0.612 0.356 0.754
15.88 5/8   0.271   0.334 0.588 0.796 0.455 0.995
44.5 1 3/4 3.5       1.774 2.244 1.342 2.894
50.8 2 4.03       2.034 2.574 1.549 3.334
88.9 3 1/2 7.27       3.609 4.584 2.729 5.974
63.5 2 1/2 5.13       2.554 3.244 1.949 4.214
76.2 3 6.19       3.084 3.914 2.345 5.094
101.6 4 8.35       4.134 5.254   6.854
114.3 4 1/2 9.43       4.654 5.924   7.734

Importance of A213 stainless steel tubing hardness

The hardness of the SA 213 Tubing solutions has a lot of importance. It helps to determine the tensile strength of the material. It also let the material to resist permanent distortion, indentation, penetration and scratching. Also, with the increase in hardness, the resistance due to wear caused by either friction or erosion can be decreased.

How to determine ASTM A213 tubing pressure rating and burst pressure?

The following equation can find the pressure rating of the A213 SS Tubing: P = (2*S*T)/((O.D.-2*T)*SF)

Where P = Fluid Pressure (psi)
 T = Pipe Wall Thickness (in)
O.D. = Pipe Outside Diameter (in)
SF = Safety factor (Use 1 For Bursting Pressure)
S =  Material Strength (psi)

The Burst Pressure can be calculated by the following equation: P= (2*T*S/D), where:

Where, P = pressure
S = allowable stress
t = wall thickness
D = outside diameter